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1.
镉污染对育龄妇女生殖健康的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的 探讨福建省政和县环境镉污染对女性生殖健康的影响。方法 根据环境镉污染检测结果,对镉污染较严重的2个自然村育龄妇女的生殖健康状况作调查,并与非污染区育龄妇女的生殖健康状况作对比。结果 污染区育龄妇女中,未婚女性的月经周期异常率、痛经发生率(分别为19.1%和42.6%)均高于非污染区(分别为5.7%和18.9%);污染区已婚妇女不孕症发生率(6.3%)高于非污染区已婚妇女(1.1%);已婚妇女前两胎妊娠时频发恶心、频发呕吐的发生率,前两胎早产发生率及前两胎死胎死产发生率(分别为44.7%、31.7%、10.27%和4.23%)高于非污染区已婚妇女(分别为26.5%、17.8%、2.85%和1.05%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);累积比数模型分析表明:在控制其他因素的影响后,居住在污染区的育龄妇女,其生殖功能受到损害的可能性更大,其相对危险度是居住在非污染区育龄妇女的2.072倍(95%CI:1.526~2.813)。结论 污染区育龄妇女生殖健康的各个方面已受到不同程度的影响。 相似文献
2.
S. Stranges E. Guallar 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2012,22(12):1013-1018
The past decade has witnessed a long overdue recognition of the importance of CVD in women, accompanied by an increasing awareness of gender differences in risk factors, natural history, preventive strategies, treatment, and prognosis of CVD. Reflecting the disease burden and the specific aspects of CVD in women, the American Heart Association has developed women-specific evidence-based guidelines and consensus documents for CVD prevention. The most recent update of these guidelines, published in 2011, is a milestone in the field and shows the rapidly evolving scenario of CVD prevention in women. We discuss some novel aspects of the 2011 update. The new guidelines change the focus from evidence-based to effectiveness-based, with consideration of both benefits and harms/costs of preventive interventions. The guidelines also introduce “ideal cardiovascular health” as the lowest category of risk, which implies the need of communitywide preventive, educational and policy initiatives to promote healthy lifestyles in the general population. Furthermore, the guidelines emphasize long-term overall CVD risk rather than short-term coronary risk. We also address several barriers and open questions in the evaluation and implementation of these guidelines, including how to increase the small proportion of women with ideal cardiovascular health; how to increase implementation and compliance with the recommendations; how to provide effectiveness-based recommendations for lifetime prevention goals based on short-term trials; how to obtain the best possible evidence in women; how to identify subgroups of women with different cardiovascular risk profiles or who may require tailored preventive strategies; and how to adapt current guidelines to international settings, particularly to low- and middle-income countries. 相似文献
3.
目的 建立人感染H7N9禽流感发病危险预警模型, 识别禽流感暴发高危险区域并提出预警。方法 收集2013年2月至2014年6月中国地市级人感染H7N9禽流感病例数据及同期地理、气象数据, 通过空间自回归(SAR)模型和广义相加模型(GAM)拟合并量化地理和气象因素对发病的影响, 综合两模型的预测结果建立发病危险预警地图。结果 2014年2月中国人感染H7N9禽流感的实际发病地区全部位于研究构建的发病危险预测区域内;模型预测了疾病的空间移动趋势, 对2014年4、5月北方地区的新发疫情有准确的预警。结论 建立的模型短期预测准确度和精确度较好, 可应用于疫情监测和预警领域, 有助于早期区域预防疫情的流行及暴发。 相似文献
4.
Ming-zhe?Yang Hong-mei?Xue Jay?Pan Lars?Libuda Rebecca?Muckelbauer Min?Yang Liming?Quan Guo?ChengEmail author 《European journal of nutrition》2018,57(5):1845-1854
Purpose
Protein intake has been suggested to be associated with body composition among western children. Our aim was to determine whether protein intake is associated with body composition among Chinese children and to investigate whether parental socioeconomic status modifies these associations.Methods
Cross-sectional data were collected from the baseline survey of an ongoing population-based prospective open cohort study conducted in 2013. In this survey, 2039 children in South China were recruited using cluster random sampling. Information of 1704 children (47% girls), aged 7–12 years from three primary schools (42 classes), on diet and anthropometry was included finally. Their daily protein intake was obtained by 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Skinfold thickness, body height, and weight were measured to calculate percent body fat (%BF), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Parental characteristics were collected by questionnaires.Results
Among girls, protein intake was positively associated with %BF and FMI [estimate (SE) for %BF: 0.007 (0.003), p = 0.04; for FMI: 0.092 (0.002), p = 0.03], adjusted for pubertal stage, breast-feeding, maternal overweight, carbohydrate intake, energy intake, and physical activity level. Furthermore, there was interaction between paternal occupation and the relations of dietary protein with %BF and FMI (p for interaction ≤ 0.04). None of the associations between protein intake and %BF, FMI, or FFMI was found among boys.Conclusions
Our data indicate that school-aged girls, but not boys, living in South China with higher dietary protein intake might have higher body fat mass, which could be modified by paternal occupation.5.
6.
7.
Delaney Hines Neena Modi Shoo K. Lee Tetsuya Isayama Gunnar Sj?rs Luigi Gagliardi Liisa Lehtonen Maximo Vento Satoshi Kusuda Dirk Bassler Rintaro Mori Brian Reichman Stellan H?kansson Brian A. Darlow Mark Adams Franca Rusconi Laura San Feliciano Kei Lui Naho Morisaki Natasha Musrap Prakesh S. Shah the International Network for Evaluating Outcomes of Neonates 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2017,106(3):366-374
8.
9.
目的 了解慢性血吸虫病家庭负担和经济负担.方法 收集2006年湖北省阳新县监测点226例慢性血吸虫病确诊病例的有关资料,并对其中219例愿意配合的患者进行问卷调查.采用家庭负担量表(FBS)评价其家庭负担.直接经济负担由现场调查获得,间接经济负担采用健康寿命损失年(YLD)与人力资本法相结合估计.结果 调查发现,FBS量表的家庭经济负担和家庭娱乐活动2个维度的阳性回答率较高,分别为54.8%和47.0%.其他4个维度的阳性同答率较低,均低于40.0%.219例慢性血吸虫病患者当年经济损失总计353 480.59元,人均1614.07元;其中直接经济损失为61 679元,人均281.64元;间接经济损失为291 801.59元,占总负担的82.55%,人均1332.43元.结论 慢性血吸虫病的家庭负担较重,其经济负担相对于当地居民的家庭年纯收入水平较重,尤以间接经济负担为主,应作为重点干预对象. 相似文献
10.
高校青年教师亚健康危险因素Logistic回归分析 总被引:42,自引:5,他引:37
目的 了解高校教师危险人群中亚健康状态的分布情况及其影响因素,为高校教师的保健工作提供科学依据。方法 采用统一的调查问卷对广东省19所高校教师进行亚健康调查,并用Logistic回归分析亚健康影响因素。结果 30—40岁是高校教师亚健康危险年龄段,其中女性重度亚健康高于男性;工作不开心、工作时间长、缺乏体育活动等是高校青年教师亚健康状态的危险因素。结论 高校教师亚健康危险人群中应重视女性重度亚健康;提高教师对亚健康的认识,保持轻松健康心态,避免长时期的过度疲劳,化解压力,合理工作是预防与控制亚健康状态的重要措施。 相似文献